A musculocutaneous flap is a type of connective tissue that includes both the skin and the underlying muscle, commonly used in reconstructive and cosmetic surgeries to restore damaged areas of the body. These flaps have their own independent blood supply, allowing them to be transferred to a new site while maintaining their nourishing vessels. One of the main advantages of this type of flap is the increased tissue volume in the reconstructed area and improved wound healing. Musculocutaneous flaps are used in breast reconstruction, deep wound repair, and severe burn treatment. The choice of flap depends on the location of the defect, the patient’s overall condition, and the surgical objective. The most common musculocutaneous flaps include the latissimus dorsi flap and the transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap. These flaps can be used either as rotational or free flaps. The success of surgery using musculocutaneous flaps depends on careful planning and the surgeon’s technique.
